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Abstract: The article is a compendium of the development of modern Haiku. The Shomon School and the Nippon-ha (Japanese School) have been briefly analysed. The paper surveys two lines in the development of haiku after World War II: the Kyoshi-Line, in which the beauty of Nature is described and the Hekigoto-Line, which has added to perception also knowledge. In conclusion it is formulated that a universal nexus between traditional and modern Haiku is the aesthetic category “yugen” – the pure life beyond comprehension, the elegant and timeless beauty, the “ingeniously created ambiguity”.
Key words: history of haiku, traditional haiku (dento), modern haiku (gendai), perception, knowledge