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In his work "A Theory of Justice", John Rawls specifies in a brilliant way our ideas (notions) of social justice by combining the paradigms of liberty/ freedom (of the individual) and equality (of individuals) in society for the purposes of his conception. A key position in this scenario is occupied by the two principles of justice (in the context of the unconditionality of personal liberty and the conditionality of socio-economic inequality): mental products of the participants in a hypothetically grounded original position with non-standard tools - (in sum) the so-called veil of ignorance. All this - as a just, ergo fair process – guarantees a priori (sensu Rawls) the constitution of the foundations (background institutions) of a modern (market-oriented, democratic etc.) and just society. In the following short statement is emphasized exactly on the more important elements of the philosophy of J.Rawls and his book for justice of our common existence.
Keywords: a theory of justice, justice, justice as fairness, social justice, original position, veil of ignorance, procedural justice, maximin rule, egalitarian liberalism, principles of justice